Types of Woven Fabrics – universally used fabric names, Any textile created by weaving is referred to as woven cloth. Many threads are woven on a warp and a weft in woven fabrics, which are often constructed on a loom. A woven fabric is defined as any fabric created by weaving two or more threads at right angles to one another. Fabrics that are woven are more durable.
Unless the threads used are elastic, the woven fabric only extends diagonally on the bias directions (between the warp and weft directions). Unless procedures such as pinking shears or hemming are used to prevent fraying, the woven material will fray at the edges.
Woven fabrics do not stretch as much as knitted fabrics, which makes them useful for a variety of applications.
Weaving creates a lot of variation. They are easy to cut into various shapes and are useful for creating clothing styles. Fabrics with a higher fabric count (number of wrap and weft yearns) hold their shape better. Low-count textiles are flimsier and more likely to snag or stretch.
Types of Woven Fabrics
- Buckram Fabric
Buckram FabricIt is a stiff coated fabric made from a lightweight loosely woven fabric, impregnated with adhesives and fillers. This fabric is used as interfacing so as to provide support and shape retention to necklines, collars, belts, cuffs, waistbands, button closures etc in garments. They are also used as reinforcements for handbags and other articles.
- Cambric Fabric
Cambric FabricCambric a lightweight fabric woven in plain weave and produced with a stiff finish. It is suitable for women’s dresses and children’s dresses that require crispness.
- Casement Fabric
Casement FabricCasement is a medium weight cotton fabric made of closely packed thick warp yarns. Generally, it is used for curtains, table linen, upholstery and rarely used for dresses.
- Cheese Cloth
cheese-fabricIt is a popular lightweight sheer fabric having an open weave. It has a low count fabric consisting of carded yarns. Originally it was used for wrapping cheese or meat and hence the name. It is neither strong nor durable. It is finished in a variety of ways that attract the consumer. It is used not only for women’s and children’s dresses but also for drapery fabrics. Due to its open structure, it does not require much ironing.
- Chiffon Fabric
Chiffon FabricChiffon fabrics are sheer, lightweight fabrics made of hard twisted yarns. Originally these are made in silk fabrics but today they are made from rayon or polyester. They are used for sarees and women’s evening wear. The fabrics encounter the problem of shrinkage.
- Chintz Fabric
chintz-fabricChintz is a medium weight, plain woven cotton yarn. It is often given a glazed finish which may be temporary or semi-permanent glazed chintz are available in solid colour as well as printed with floral prints. These are often made from blends of cotton and polyester or rayon. They are used for skits, dresses, blouses, pyjamas, aprons, and draperies.
- Corduroy Fabric
Corduroy-FabricIt is a cut pile fabric available in solid colours. The cut pile fibres are seen in the form of ribs on the surface. It is mainly used for pants, jeans, and shirts.
- Crepe Fabric
crepe-fabricA silk fabric is originally characterized by a crinkle, puckered surface formed by highly twisted yarns in the warp or weft or both. By using ordinary yarns similar crepe effects can also be produced. Synthetic fabrics also impart crepe effect finish. It is used for sarees, shirts, women and children’s dresses.
- Denim Fabric
denim-fabricIt was traditionally a yarn dyed, warp-faced cotton twill fabric. Warp is usually coloured (mostly blue, maroon, green and brown) and weft is white. This fabric is made of two weights for sportswear and overalls. Its use as jeans has made it very popular and so the nature of denim is also changed to suit the trend. It is often napped, printed and made with stretch yarn.
- Drill Fabric
Drill FabricIt is a warp-faced twill woven fabric. It has a stiff finish. Originally it was produced in white and now it is available in solid colours. It is mainly used for pants, knickers, and uniforms.
- Flannel Fabric
flannel-fabricFlannel is a woollen fabric woven in plain or twill weave having the characteristic soft handle. It looks like a bulky fabric due to the milling that is usually done to this fabric. Flannel fabric is used for suits and pants and infant’s clothing.
This fabric is popular as cleaning fabric due to its extreme softness. This is also used to protect children from the cold atmosphere.
- Gabardine Fabric
Gabardine FabricGabardine is a closely woven, clear finished warp-faced twill fabric. It contains a number of warp yarns than weft yearns and also more durable. It is usually woven in 2/1 or 2/2 twill and has a raised diagonal twill effect on the right side. It largely used for raincoats, suitings, and sportswear.
- Georgette Fabric
Georgette FabricGeorgette is a sheer lightweight fabric, woven in plain weave. It has a characteristic rough texture produced by hard twisted ply, yarns both in warp and weft. Originally it was made in silk, but today it is produced in rayon and polyester too. It’s mainly suitable for women’s evening wear.
- Kashmir Silk Fabric
kashmiri-silkKashmir silk is a silk fabric produced in plain weave and is either embroidered or printed. The motifs used are characteristic of Kashmir. It is used for shirts, women’s wear and sarees. Kashmir shawls are woven in twill weave and are usually embroidered with traditional Kashmiri embroidery.
- Khadi Fabric
Khadi FabricKhadi is a term used for a wide variety of fabrics that are hand spun and hand woven. They are produced in mainly one cotton fibre, blends of two or more fibres. They are known for durability and simplicity. The fabrics can be suitings dhoties overalls and household textiles.
- Lawn Fabric
Lawn FabricThe lawn is a fine sheet, lightweight, crisp fabric either made of cotton or linen. Various finishes are given to this fabric, in which the fabric is called by the name of the finish. It is mainly used as lining in a dress.
- Mulmul Fabric
Mulmul FabricIt is an Indian term generally applied to fine cotton fabric slightly heavier, than muslin. These are often printed fabrics. They find use as sarees.
- Muslin Fabric
Muslin FabricMuslin is a lightweight open cloth of plain weave. It may be used as grey or bleached and dyed. It is used as household textiles and dress materials. The name is derived from the city of Mosul where the fabric was first made.
It is a very light and open tabby (plain) weave fabric used for summer dresses and utility use. At first, the cloth was not always plain but could also have silk and gold thread woven into it. As the ability to spin yarns of greater fineness developed cotton was used more readily than silk. In this muslin, the motif weaves in and out of the cloth, as if it has been embroidered. In the Madras net, the motif is predominately woven on the surface.
- Poplin Fabric
Poplin FabricPoplin is a medium weight, the cotton fabric having a fine weft rib. it is generally used for shirting, dresses, and upholstery.
- Sheeting Fabric
Sheeting FabricThese are primarily used for bed coverings. They are medium weight, closely woven fabrics woven either in plain or twin weave. Sheeting fabrics are made in different widths. High-quality cotton sheetings are made in plain weave with a width of 64 x 58 and in a twill weave with a width of 60×72.